[Psmisc]分享一个Linux实用性命令工具 - 乐维

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此工具常用3个管理命令：

1、 pstree 以树状形式显示当前用户下正在运行的进程，用法：

Usage: pstree [ -a ] [ -c ] [ -h | -H PID ] [ -l ] [ -n ] [ -p ] [ -g ] [ -u ]

[ -A | -G | -U ] [ PID | USER ]

pstree -V

Display a tree of processes.

-a, --arguments show command line arguments

-A, --ascii use ASCII line drawing characters

-c, --compact don't compact identical subtrees

-h, --highlight-all highlight current process and its ancestors

-H PID,

--highlight-pid=PID highlight this process and its ancestors

-g, --show-pgids show process group ids; implies -c

-G, --vt100 use VT100 line drawing characters

-l, --long don't truncate long lines

-n, --numeric-sort sort output by PID

-N type,

--ns-sort=type sort by namespace type (ipc, mnt, net, pid, user, uts)

-p, --show-pids show PIDs; implies -c

-s, --show-parents show parents of the selected process

-S, --ns-changes show namespace transitions

-u, --uid-changes show uid transitions

-U, --unicode use UTF-8 (Unicode) line drawing characters

-V, --version display version information

-Z,

--security-context show SELinux security contexts

PID start at this PID; default is 1 (init)

USER show only trees rooted at processes of this user

例如使用 pstree –a 显示所有进程的子进程

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使用 pstree –p 显示所有进程及其子进程的pid

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树状显示指定的主进程及其子进程

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2、fuser 用法：

Usage: fuser [-fMuvw] [-a|-s] [-4|-6] [-c|-m|-n SPACE] [-k [-i] [-SIGNAL]] NAME...

fuser -l

fuser -V

Show which processes use the named files, sockets, or filesystems.

-a,--all display unused files too

-i,--interactive ask before killing (ignored without -k)

-k,--kill kill processes accessing the named file

-l,--list-signals list available signal names

-m,--mount show all processes using the named filesystems or block device

-M,--ismountpoint fulfill request only if NAME is a mount point

-n,--namespace SPACE search in this name space (file, udp, or tcp)

-s,--silent silent operation

-SIGNAL send this signal instead of SIGKILL

-u,--user display user IDs

-v,--verbose verbose output

-w,--writeonly kill only processes with write access

-V,--version display version information

-4,--ipv4 search IPv4 sockets only

-6,--ipv6 search IPv6 sockets only

- reset options

udp/tcp names: [local_port][,[rmt_host][,[rmt_port]]]

举例：想停止某个进程但发现有很多子进程的情况下，可以通过停止主进程使用的端口，达到停止进程的目的。还有个情况就是如果重装某个软件，启动时候，提示已存在进程或者端口被占用，那么可以使用 fuser –k port/tcp 停止相关占用端口的进程，如 fuser –k 80/tcp ;

如通过杀掉10050端口停止zabbix-server进程占用端口

fuser -k 10050/tcp

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可以发现10050端口已经停止了！

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3、killall 命令，用法：

[root@zbx34 ~]# killall --help

Usage: killall [-Z CONTEXT] [-u USER] [ -eIgiqrvw ] [ -SIGNAL ] NAME...

killall -l, --list

killall -V, --version

-e,--exact require exact match for very long names

-I,--ignore-case case insensitive process name match

-g,--process-group kill process group instead of process

-y,--younger-than kill processes younger than TIME

-o,--older-than kill processes older than TIME

-i,--interactive ask for confirmation before killing

-l,--list list all known signal names

-q,--quiet don't print complaints

-r,--regexp interpret NAME as an extended regular expression

-s,--signal SIGNAL send this signal instead of SIGTERM

-u,--user USER kill only process(es) running as USER

-v,--verbose report if the signal was successfully sent

-V,--version display version information

-w,--wait wait for processes to die

-Z,--context REGEXP kill only process(es) having context

(must precede other arguments)

举例：杀掉zabbix_server进程

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Psmisc工具相对来比系统默认自带的命令会比较方便，停止进程不必一个一个的杀掉pid，更多的功能大家可以自行拓展。

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