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一、 Docker容器生命周期管理1. create用法 命令解释：创建一个容器，但不启动，容器名称为 mynginx hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker create --name mynginx nginx:latest Unable to find image 'nginx:latest' locally latest: Pulling from library/nginx a5a632f73cs8: Pull complete 1ba02017c112: Pull complete 33b17c923de: Pull complete Digest: sha256:5d3dsfsafadgaNHb410ad88e6fe77500c87d3970eca97f54dba Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest 3a9e561b7629c68dgjgergebe31df52685f08c98f58c940e1a164c1f8d77c 2. run用法 命令解释：创建一个容器并运行它 可选参数： -a stdin: 指定标准输入输出内容类型，可选 STDIN/STDOUT/STDERR 三项； -d: 后台运行容器，并返回容器ID； -i: 以交互模式运行容器，通常与 -t 同时使用； -p: 端口映射，格式为：主机(宿主)端口:容器端口 -t: 为容器重新分配一个伪输入终端，通常与 -i 同时使用； --name="mynginx": 为容器指定一个名称； --dns 8.8.8.8: 指定容器使用的DNS服务器，默认和宿主一致； --dns-search example.com: 指定容器DNS搜索域名，默认和宿主一致； -h "hcy": 指定容器的hostname； -e username="uhcy": 设置环境变量； --env-file=[]: 从指定文件读入环境变量； --cpuset="0-2" 或者 --cpuset="0,1,2": 绑定容器到指定CPU运行； -m :设置容器使用内存最大值； --net="bridge": 指定容器的网络连接类型，支持 bridge/host/none/container: 四种类型； --link=[]: 添加链接到另一个容器； --expose=[]: 开放一个端口或一组端口； hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker run -it -d -p 755:22 -p 8888:80 --restart=always --name nginx nginx:latest feea481119cb053e84bf3bda6f1b2fdfd99f4d28775c4015f0dafa2f hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker ps –a #查看容器进程 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES feea481119cb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:755->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp nginx hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$
3. start/stop/restart用法命令解释：容器的启动，关闭，重启 hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES feea481119cb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 0.0.0.0:755->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp nginx hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker stop feea481119cb feea481119cb hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker restrat feea481119cb docker: 'restrat' is not a docker command. See 'docker --help' hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker restart feea481119cb feea481119cb hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES feea481119cb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 minutes ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:755->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp nginx hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$
4. pause/unpause用法命令解释：容器的暂停或恢复暂停容器，暂停状态无法正常使用该容器。 hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES feea481119cb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 minutes ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:755->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp nginx hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker pause feea481119cb feea481119cb hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES feea481119cb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 6 minutes ago Up 2 minutes (Paused) 0.0.0.0:755->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp nginx hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker unpause feea481119cb feea481119cb hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES feea481119cb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 6 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:755->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp nginx hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$
5. exec用法命令解释：在运行的容器中执行命令或者进去容器 hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker exec -it nginx /bin/bash root@feea481119cb:/# hostname feea481119cb root@feea481119cb:/#
6. kill用法命令解释：终止一个运行中的容器 参数： -s ：向容器发送终止信号 hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES feea481119cb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 14 minutes ago Up 10 minutes 0.0.0.0:755->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp nginx hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker kill nginx nginx hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$
7. rm用法 命令解释：删除一个或者多个容器 参数： -f :通过终止信号强制删除一个运行中的容器 -l :移除容器间的网络连接，而非容器本身 -v :删除与容器关联的卷 hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES feea481119cb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 16 minutes ago Up 41 seconds 0.0.0.0:755->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp nginx hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker rm nginx Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container feea481119cb053e84bf3bda6f1b29beaddb3f91899f4d28775c4015f0dafa2f. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker stop nginx nginx hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker rm nginx nginx hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES hecy-MacBook-Pro:~ hcy$ 技术交流欢迎加入Q群：177428068
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